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Encyclopedia Britannica



ZULA

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 1049 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: YAK-ZYM
ZULA , a small town near the head of Annesley Bay on the African
coast
  of the Red Sea. It derives its
chief
 
interest
  from ruins in its vicinity which are generally supposed to mark the site of the ancient emporium of Adulis ("ASovAls, 'AbovXei), the port of Axum (q.v.) and
chief
  outlet in the early centuries of the Christian era for the ivory, hides, slaves and other exports of the interior.
Cosmas
  Indicopleustes saw here an inscription of
Ptolemy
  Euergetes (247222 B.c.); and hence, as the earliest mention of Adulis is found in the geographers of the first century A.D., it is conjectured that the town must have previously existed under another name and may have been the Berenice Panchrysus of the Ptolemies. Described by a Greek merchant of the time of Vespasian as " a well-arranged market, the place has been for centuries buried under sand. The ruins visible include a temple, obelisks and numerous fragments of columns.
In 1857 an agreement was entered into by Dejaj Negusye, a chief of Tigre, in revolt against the Negus
Theodore
  of Abyssinia, to cede Zula to the French. Negusye was defeated by
Theodore
 , and the
commander
  of a French cruiser sent to Annesley Bay in 1859 found the country in a state of anarchy. No farther steps were taken by France to assert its sovereignty, and Zula with the neighbouring
coast
  passed, nominally, to Egypt in 1866. Zula was the place where the British expedition of 186768 against Theodore disembarked, Annesley Bay affording safe and ample anchorage for the largest ocean-going vessels. The road made by the British from Zula to Senafe on the Abyssinian
plateau
  is still in use. The authority of Egypt having lapsed, an Italian protectorate over the
district
  of Zula. was proclaimed in 1888, and In 1890 it was incorporated in the colony of Eritrea (q.v.).
See Eduard Ruppell, Reise in Abyssinien, i. 266 (1838); G. Rohlfs in Zeitschr. d. Gesell. f. Erdkunde in Berlin, iii. (1868), and, for further references, the editions of the Periplus by C. Muller (Geog. Gr. Min., i. 259) and Fabricius (1883). Consult also ETHIOPIA: The Axumite Kingdom.


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