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Encyclopedia Britannica



ZHITOMIR, or JITOMIR

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 979 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: YAK-ZYM
ZHITOMIR, or JITOMIR , a town of western Russia,
capital
  of the government of
Volhynia
 , on the Teterev river, 83 m. W.S.W. of Kiev. Pop. (1900) 80,787, more than one-third
Jews
 . It is the see of an archbishop of the Orthodox Greek
Church
  and of a Roman Catholic
bishop
 , Two printing offices in Zhitomir issue nearly one-half of all the Hebrew books printed in Russia. The Jewish merchants carry on a considerable export
trade
  in agricultural produce, and in timber and wooden wares from the forests to the north. Kid gloves, tobacco, dyes and spirits are manufactured.
Zhitomir is a very old city, tradition tracing its foundation as far back as the times of the Scandinavian adventurers, Askold and Dir (9th century). The annals, however, mention it chiefly in connexion with the invasions of the
Tatars
 , who plundered it in the 13th, 14th and 17th centuries (1606), or in connexion with destructive conflagrations. It fell under Lithuanian
rule
  in 1320, and during the 15th century was one of the
chief
  cities of the kingdom. Later it became part of Poland, and when the Cossacks rose under their chieftain, Bogdan Chmielnicki (1648), they sacked the town. It was annexed to Russia along with the rest of the Ukraine in 1778.


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