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Encyclopedia Britannica



ZAILA

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 950 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: YAK-ZYM
ZAILA , or ZEtLA; a town on the African coast of the Gulf of Aden, 124 M. S.W. of Aden and 200 M. N.N.E. of Harrar. Zaila is the most western of the ports of the British Somaliland protectorate, being 170 M. N.W. of Berbera by the coast caravan track. The town is surrounded on three sides by the sea; land-ward the country is unbroken desert for some fifty miles. The principal buildings, which date from the days of Egyptian occupation (18751884) are of white (coral) stone; the Somali dwellings are made of grass. Zaila has a good sheltered anchorage much frequented by Arab sailing craft, but heavy draught steamers are obliged to anchor a mile and a half from the shore. Small
coasting
  boats lie off the pier and there is no difficulty in loading or discharging cargo. The water
supply
  of the town is
drawn
  from the wells of Takosha, about three miles distant; every morning camels, in charge of old Somali women and bearing goatskins filled with water, come into the town in picturesque procession. The population varies from 3000 to 7000, the natives, who come in the cool season to barter their goods, retiring to the highlands in hot weather. The
chief
  traders are Indians, the smaller dealers Arabs, Greeks and Jews. The imports, which reach Zaila chiefly via Aden, are mainly
cotton
  goods,
rice
 , jowaree,
dates
  and silk; the exports of which 90 per cent. are from Abyssiniaare principally coffee, skins, ivory, cattle,
ghee
  and mother-of-pearl.
Zaila owed its importance to its proximity to Harrar, the
great
  entrep8t for the trade of southern Abyssinia. The trade of the port received, however, a severe check on the opening (19012) of the railway to Harrar from the French port of Jibuti, which is 35 M. N.W. of Zaila. A steamer from Aden to Zaila takes fifteen hours to accomplish the journey; caravans proceeding
from Zaila to Harrar occupy from ten days to three weeks on the road.
For history and trade statistics, see SOMALILAND, BRITISH.


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