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Encyclopedia Britannica



WOLFDIETRICH

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 773 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WIL-YAK
WOLFDIETRICH , German hero of romance. The tale of Wolf dietrich is connected with the Merovingian princes, Theodoric and Theodebert, son and grandson of Clovis; but in the Middle High German poems of
Ortnit
  and Wolfdietrich in the Heldenbuch (q.v.) Wolf dietrich is the son of Hugdietrich, emperor of
Constantinople
 . Repudiated and exposed by his father, the child was spared by the wolves of the forest, and was educated by the faithful Berchtung of
Meran
 . The account of his parents and their wooing, however, differs in various texts. After the emperor's death Wolfdietrich was driven from his
inheritance
  by his brothers at the instigation of the traitor Sabene. Berchtung and his sixteen sons stood by Wolfdietrich. Six of these were slain and the other ten imprisoned. It was only after long
exile
  in Lombardy at the court of King
Ortnit
  that the hero returned to deliver the captives and regain his kingdom. Wolfdietrich's
exile
  and return suggested a parallel with the history of Dietrich of Bern, with whom he was often actually identified; and the Mentors of the two heroes, Hildebrand and Berchtung, are cast in the same mould. Presently features of the
Wolfdietrich legend were transferred to the Dietrich cycle, and in the Anhang to the Heldenbuch it is stated in despite of all historical considerations that Wolfdietrich was the grandfather of the Veronese hero. Among the exploits of Wolfdietrich was the slaughter of the
dragon
  which had slain Ortnit (q.v.). He thus took the place of Hardheri, one of the mythical Hartung brothers, the
original
  hero of this feat. The myth attached itself to the family of Clovis, around which epic tradition rapidly gathered. Hugdietrich is generally considered to be the epic counterpart of Theodoric (Dietrich), eldest son of Clovis. The prefix was the barbarian equivalent of Frank,l and was employed to distinguish him from Theodoric the Goth. After his father's death he divided the kingdom with his brothers. Wolfdietrich represents his son Theodebert (d. 548), whose succession was disputed by his uncles, but was secured by the loyalty of the Frankish nobles. But father and son are merged by a process of epic fusion in Wolfdietrich. The rape of Sydrat, daughter of the heathen Walgunt of Salnecke, by Hugdietrich disguised as a woman, is typical of the tales of the wooing of heathen princesses made fashionable by the Crusades, and was probably extraneous to the
original
  legend. It may, however, also be put on a semi-historical basis by adopting the suggestion of C. Voretzsch (Epische Studien I. Die Comp. des Huon von Bordeaux,
Halle
  19oo), that Wolfdietrich is far more closely connected with Theodoric than Theodebert, and that Hugdietrich, therefore, stands for Clovis, the hero, in the Merovingian historians, of a well-known Brautfahrtsaga.
Ortnit and Wolfdictrich have been edited by Dr J. L. Edlen von Lindhausen (Tilbingen, 1906). G. Sarrazin, in Zeitschr. fur deutsche Phil. (1896), compared the legend of Wolfdietrich with the history of Gundovald, as given by Gregory of Tours in books vi. and vii. of his Hist. Francorum.


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