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Encyclopedia Britannica



WINTERGREEN

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 735 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WIL-YAK
WINTERGREEN , known botanically as Gaultheria procumbens, a member of the heath family (Ericaceae), is a small creeping, evergreen shrub with numerous short erect branches bearing in the upper part shortly-stalked oval, thick, smooth shining leaves with
sharp
 -toothed edge. The
flowers
  are borne singly in the leaf axels and are pendulous, with a pale
pink
  waxy-looking urn-shaped corolla. The
bright
  crimson-red sub-globular, berry-like fruit consists of the much-enlarged fleshy calyx which surrounds the small thin-walled many-seeded capsule. The plant is a native of shady woods on sandy soil, especially in mountainous districts, in southern Canada and the northern United States; it is quite
hardy
  in England. The leaves are sharply astringent and have a peculiar aromatic smell and taste due to a volatile oil known as oil of winter green, used in medicine in the treatment of muscular rheumatism (for the therapeutic action see SALICYLIC ACID). An infusion of the leaves is used, under the name mountain or
Salvador
  tea, in some parts of North America as a substitute for tea; and the fruits are eaten under the name of partridge or deer berries. Other names for the plant are tea-berry, checker-berry, box-berry,
jersey
  tea, spice-berry and ground holly.
See Bentley and Trimen, Medicinal Plants, t. 164.
WINTER'S BARK, the bark of Drimys Winteri, an evergreen tree belonging to the
Magnolia
  family. It was formerly officinal in Europe, and is still held in esteem in Brazil and other partsof South America as a popular remedy for scurvy and other diseases. The plant is a native of the mountains and highlands from
Mexico
  to the Straits of Magellan.


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