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Encyclopedia Britannica



WILLIAM OF ST CALAIS (CARILEF) (d. ro96)

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 677 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WIL-YAK
WILLIAM OF ST CALAIS (CARILEF) (d. ro96) ,
bishop
  of
Durham
  and
chief
  counsellor of William Rufus, was a Norman monk and prior of St Calais in Maine, who received the see of
Durham
  from the Conqueror (ro81). In Durham annals he is honourably remembered as the prelate who designed the existing
cathedral
 , and also for his reform of ecclesiastical discipline. His political career is less creditable. Honoured with the
special
  confidence of William Rufus he deserted his patron's cause at the first sign of rebellion, and joined with Odo of Bayeux in urging Duke Robert of Normandy to claim the crown (1088). After the collapse of this
plot
  William was put upon his trial before the
Great
  Council. He claimed the right to be judged by his fellow-bishops alone; this claim being rejected he appealed to the see of Rome. This was the first case of an appeal to the
pope
  from an English tribunal which had occurred since the 7th century. Rufus and
Lanfranc
  did not venture to dispute the right of appeal, but contended that the
bishop
 , as a royal vassal, could not appeal against the forfeiture of his temporalities. These were confiscated, and William left the kingdom, but no more was heard of his appeal, and in ro91 he regained the royal
favour and his see. Thenceforward he showed the utmost subservience. He managed the king's case against Anselm, and at Rockingham (logs) actually claimed the right of appeal, when it was claimed by the archbishop. Notwithstanding his zeal for the royal interests, William was soon afterwards disgraced. He died in January 1096.
See E. A. Freeman, William Rufus (1882), and Symeon of Durham, vol. i. pp. 170-195 (Rolls ed.).


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