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Encyclopedia Britannica



WHITCHURCH

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 599 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WAT-WIL
WHITCHURCH , a market town in the Newport parliamentary division of Shropshire, England, 171 M. N.W. from London on a
joint
  line of the London & North-Western and
Great
  Western railways, and the terminus of the Cambrian railway. Pop. of urban
district
  (1901) 5221. Malting and cheese-making are the principal industries. The church of St Alkmund, rebuilt in the 18th century, retains the fine tomb of John Talbot, first
earl
  of Shrewsbury, who fell at the battle of Bordeaux (1453). The town
hall
  and other public buildings are modern. The grammar school was founded in 1550, and here (c. 1791) Reginald
Heber
 , Bishop of Calcutta, was educated. The parish of Whitchurch extends into Cheshire.
Whitchurch was at first known as Weslun and belonged before the Conquest to King Harold, but was afterwards granted to
Earl
  Roger, of whom William de Warenne was holding it at the time of the Domesday Survey. The name is said to have been altered to Whitchurch or Album Monasterium on account of a stone church built there soon after io86. The manor appears to have been held by a younger branch of the Warenne family, from whom it passed by
marriage
  to the families cf Lestrange and Talbot. It was sold by the Talbots to Thomas Egerton, from whom it passed to the earls of Bridgwater and eventually to the present owner, Earl Brownlow. Whitchurch is mentioned as a borough in the 14th century, and was governed by a bailiff, but its privileges, which sprang up with the castle, appear to have disappea red after its decay. The town has never been represented in
parliament
  nor noted for any trade except agriculture. In 1228 John Fitz-Alan received the right of changing the day of the market he held at Whitchurch from Thursday to Monday, and in 1362 a
fair
  lasting three days from the feast of SS. Simon and Jude was granted to John Lestrange. Lord Brownlow granted the market rights to the local authority.


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