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Encyclopedia Britannica



WHEEL, BREAKING ON THE

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 586 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WAT-WIL
WHEEL, BREAKING ON THE , a form of torture and execution formerly in use, especially in
France
  and
Germany
 . It is said to have been first used in the latter country, where the victim was placed on a cart-wheel and his limbs stretched out along the spokes. The wheel was made to slowly revolve, and the man's bones broken with blows of an
iron
  bar. Sometimes it was mercifully ordered that the executioner should strike the criminal on chest and stomach, blows known as coups de grace, which at once ended the torture, and in
France
  he was usually strangled after the second or third
blow
 . A wheel was not always used
In some countries it was upon a
frame
  shaped like St Andrew's
Cross
  that the sufferer was stretched. The
punishment
  was abolished in France. at the Revolution. It was employed in
Germany
  as
late
  as 1827. A murderer was broken on the row or wheel at Edinburgh in 1604, and two of the assassins of the
regent
 
Lennox
  thus suffered death.


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