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Encyclopedia Britannica



WEMYSS

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 517 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WAT-WIL
WEMYSS , a parish of Fifeshire,
Scotland
 , embracing the villages of
East
  and West Wemyss and the police
burgh
  of
Buckhaven, a fishing port lying on the northern shore of the Firth of Forth, 21 m. S.W. of Leven, on the North British Railway Company's branch line from Thornton Junction to Methil. Coal mining is the
principal
  industry of the
district
 , the coal being exported from the port of Methil, of which the harbour was constructed by
David
 , 2nd
earl
  of Wemyss (d. 1679), the town being made a
burgh
  of barony in 1662. Population of Buckhaven, including Methil and Innerleven (1901), 8828; of
East
  Wemyss, 2522; of West Wemyss, 1253; of Wemyss parish, 15,031. The
district
  is of much archaeological and historic
interest
 . On the shore to the north-east are two square towers which are supposed to have formed part of Macduff's castle; and near them are the remarkable caves (weems, from the Gaelic, uamha) from which the district derives its name. Several of them contain archaic sculptures, held by some to be the
work
  of the Christian missionaries who found shelter here; by others ascribed to the same prehistoric agency as the inscribed stones of northern
Scotland
 . Near East Wemyss is Wemyss Castle, the ancient seat of the family of the same name which has played a conspicuous part in Scottish history. It was at Wemyss castle that Mary, queen of Scots, first met the
earl
  of Darnley, in 1565, and her room is still known as " the Presence Chamber."


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