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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: WAT-WIL |
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WATERHOUSE, ALFRED (1830-1905) , English architect, was born at Liverpool on the 19th of July 1830, and passed his professional pupilage under Richard Lane in Manchester. His earliest commissions were of a domestic nature, but his position as a designer of public buildings was assured as early as 1859 by success in the open competition for the Manchester assize courts. This work marked him not only as an adept in the planning of a complicated building on a large scale, but also as a champion ofthe Gothic cause. Nine years later, in 1868, another competition secured for Waterhouse the execution of the Manchester town- hall
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Cambridge , not his first university work, for Balliol, Oxford, had been put into his hands in 1867. At Caius, out of deference to the Renaissance treatment of the older parts of the college, the Gothic element was intentionally mingled with classic detail, while Balliol and Pembroke, Cambridge , which followed in 1871, may be looked upon as typical specimens of the style of his mid careerGothic tradition (European rather than British) tempered by individual taste and by adaptation to modern needs. Girton College, Cambridge, a building of simpler type, dates originally from the same period (1.870), but has been periodically enlarged by further buildings. Two important domestic works were undertaken in 1870 and 1871 respectivelyEaton Hall
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series of works for Victoria University, of which he was made LL.D. in 1895, date from 1870, when he was first engaged on Owens
Hammer
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Waterhouse became a fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1861, and president from 1888 to 1891. He obtained a grand prix for architecture at the Paris Exposition of 1867, and a " Rappel " in 1878. In the same year he received the Royal gold medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and was made an associate of the Royal Academy, of which body
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