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Encyclopedia Britannica



WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 320 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VIR-WAT
WARD, JAMES (1769--1859) , English animal painter and engraver, was born in Thames Street, London, on the 23rd of October 1769. At the age of twelve he was bound apprentice with J. Raphael
Smith
 , but he received little attention and learnt nothing from this engraver. He was afterwards instructed for over seven years by his elder brother, William Ward, and he engraved many admirable plates, among which his " Mrs Billington," after Reynolds, occupies a very high place. He presented a complete set of his engravings, in their various states, numbering three hundred impressions, to the British Museum. While still a youth he made the acquaintance of George Morland, who afterwards married his sister; and the example of this artist's works induced him to attempt painting. His early productions were rustic subjects in the manner of Morland, which were frequently sold as the
work
  of the more celebrated painter. His "
Bull
 -Bait," an animated composition, introducing many figures, attracted much attention in the Royal Academy of 1797. A commission from Sir John Sinclair, president of the new agricultural society, to paint an Alderney cow, led to much similar
work
 , and turned Ward's attention to animal-painting, a department in which he achieved his highest artistic successes. His " Landscape with Cattle," acquired for the National Gallery at a cost of (1500, was painted in 182o1822 at the suggestion of West, in emulation of the "
Bull
  of Paul Potter " at the Hague. His " Boa Serpent Seizing a Horse " was executed in 1822, and his admirable " Grey Horse," shown in the Old Masters' Exhibition of 1879,
dates
  from 1828. Ward also produced portraits, and many landscapes like the " Gordale Scar " and the " Harlech Castle " in the National Gallery. Sometimes he turned aside into the less fruitful paths of allegory, as in his unsuccessful " Pool of Bethesda " (1818), and "
Triumph
  of the Duke of
Wellington
  " (1818). He was a frequent contributor to the Royal Academy and the British Institution, and in 184.1 he collected one hundred and
forty
  examples of his art, and exhibited them in his
house
  in Newman Street. He was elected an associate of the Royal Academy in 1807, and a full member in 1811, and died at Cheshunt on the 23rd of November 1859.
Ward compiled an autobiography, of which an abstract was published in the Art Journal in ;849.


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