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Encyclopedia Britannica



WAITE, MORRISON REMICK (18161888)

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 246 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VIR-WAT
WAITE, MORRISON REMICK (18161888) , American jurist, was born at Lyme, Connecticut, on the 29th of November 1816, the son of
Henry
  Matson
Waite
  (17871869), who was judge of the superior court and associate judge of the supreme court of Connecticut in 18341854 and
chief
  justice of the latter in 18541857. He graduated at Yale in 1837, and soon afterwards removed to Maumee City,
Ohio
 , where he studied law in the office of Samuel L.
Young
  and was admitted to the bar in 1839. In 1850 he removed to Toledo, and he soon came to be recognized as a leader of the state bar. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican, and in 18491850 he was a member of the state senate. In 1871, with William M. Evarts and Caleb
Cushing
 , he represented the United States as counsel before the "
Alabama
  " Tribunal at Geneva, and in 1874 he presided over the
Ohio
  constitutional convention. In the same year he was appointed by President U. S. Grant to succeed Judge Salmon
P. Chase as
chief
 -justice of the United States Supreme Court, and he held this position until his death at Washington, D.C., on the 23rd of March 1888. In the cases which grew out of the Civil War and Reconstruction, and especially in those which involved the interpretation of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments, he sympathized with the general tendency of the court to restrict the further extension of the powers of the Federal government. He concurred with the
majority
  in the Head Money Cases (1884), the Ku-Klux Case (United States v. Harris, 1882), the Civil Rights Cases (1883) and the Juillard v. Greenman (legal tender) Case (1883). Among his own most important decisions were those in the Enforcement Act Cases (1875), the Sinking Fund Case (1878), the Railroad Commission Cases (1886) and the Telephone Cases (1887).


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