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Encyclopedia Britannica



VORTICELLA

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 213 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VIR-WAT
VORTICELLA , the Bell-Animalcule, a genus of Peritiichous
Infusoria
  (q.v.) characterized by the bell-shaped
body
 , with short oral disk and collar, attached by a hollow stalk, inside and around which passes, attached spirally, a contractile bundle of
myonemes
 . By their contraction the stalk is brought into the form of a corkscrew, the
thread
  being now on the shorter, i.e. the inner, side of the turns; and the animal is jerked back near to the base of the stalk. As soon as the contraction of the
thread
  ceases, the elasticity of the stalk ex-tends the animal to its previous position. On fission, one of the two animals swims off by the development of the temporary posterior
girdle
  of membranelles, the disk being retracted and closed over by the collar, so that the cell is ovoid: on its
attachment
  the posterior
girdle
  of cilia disappears and a stalk forms. The other cell remains attached to the old stalk. In the allied genera Carchesium and Zoothamnium the two produced by fission remain united, so that a branching colony is ultimately produced. The genus is a large one, and many species are epizoic on various water animals.


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