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Encyclopedia Britannica



VODEYSHANKAR, GOWRISHANKAR (1805-1892)

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 170 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VIR-WAT
VODEYSHANKAR, GOWRISHANKAR (1805-1892) , native minister of the state of Bhaunagar in Kathiawar, Bombay, was born on the 2ISt of August 1805, of a family of Nagar Brahmins. He rose from being a revenue officer to be state minister in 1847. His success in this capacity was such that on the death of the reigning
chief
 , in 1870, he was appointed
joint
 
administrator
  in concert with a British official. The experiment was in every respect successful. Under the simple and economical forms used in native states, improvements suggested by British experience were introduced. The land revenue was based on a cash system, the fiscal and customs systems were remodelled and tree planting was encouraged. The town of Bhaunagar received the
great
  boon of the Gowrishankar Waterworks, on which six lakhs of rupees were spent. The Bhaunagar state also warmly pressed for railway communication with the continent of India, and thus began a
movement
  which has spread a network of railway lines over the peninsula of Kathiawar. The British government re-warded these many services of Gowrishankar with the distinction of C.S.I. in 1877. He helped to establish the Rajkumar College at
Rajkot
 , for the education of native princes, and also the Rajasthanik Court, which, after settling innumerable disputes between the land-owning classes and the chiefs, has since been abolished. In 1879 Gowrishankar resigned office, and devoted himself to the study of the higher literature of that Vedanta philosophy which through his whole life had been to him a solace and a guide. In 1884 he wrote a
work
  called 'Svarupanusandhan, on the union of the soul with Deity, which led to a
letter
  of warm congratulation from Max Muller, who also published a short
biography
  of him. In 1887 he put on the robe of the Sanyasi or ascetic, the fourth stage, according to the Hindu Shastras, in the life of the twice-born man, and in this manner passed the
remainder
  of his life, giving above ten hours each day to Vedantic studies and holy contemplation. He died, revered by all classes, in December 1892.
See Javerital U. Yajnik, Gowrishankar Udayashankar (Bombay, 1889).


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