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Encyclopedia Britannica



VIZIER

This article appears in Volume V28, Page 165 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VIR-WAT
VIZIER , more correctly VIZIR (Arabic Wazir), literally " burden-bearer " or " helper," originally the
chief
  minister or representative of the Abbasid caliphs. The office of vizier, which spread from the
Arabs
  to the Persians, Turks, Mongols, and other Oriental peoples, arose under the first Abbasid caliphs
(see
MAHOMMEDAN
  INSTITUTIONS, and
CALIPHATE
 , C I) and
took shape during its
tenure
  by the Barmecides (q.v.). The vizier stood between sovereign and subjects, representing the former in all matters touching the latter. This withdrawal of the head of the state from direct contact with his
people
  was unknown to the Omayyads, and was certainly an imitation of Persian usage; it has even been plausibly conjectured that the name is but the Arabic adaptation of a Persian
title
 . In
modern
  usage the
term
  is used in the
East
  generally for any important official under the sovereign.


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