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Encyclopedia Britannica



VENDETTA (Ital. from Lat. vindicta, revenge, vindicare, to defend oneself)

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 982 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: VAN-VIR
VENDETTA (Ital. from Lat. vindicta, revenge, vindicare, to defend oneself) , the
term
  applied to the custom of the family
feud
 , by which the nearest kinsman of a murdered man was obliged" to take up the quarrel and avenge his death. From being an
obligation
  upon the nearest, it grew to be an
obligation
  on all the relatives, involving families in
bitter
  private wars among themselves. It is a development of that stage in civilization common to all primitive communities, when the injury done was held to be more than personal, a wrong done to the whole gens.
The
term
  originated in Corsica, where the vendetta has
long
  played an important
part
  in the social
life
 . If the murderer could not be found, his family were liable to fall victims to the vendetta. The
feud
  was sometimes complicated by the vendetta transversale, when each of two branches of a family had a murder to revenge on the other. In Corsica it was regarded as the most sacred family duty. Mediators (parolanti) sometimes intervened successfully to end the feuds, and extort an oath to forgo vengeance. The custom still survives in Corsica in its complete form, and partially in
Sardinia
 , Sicily, Montenegro, Afghanistan, among the Mainotes of
Greece
 , the Albanians,
Druses
  and Bedouins.


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