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Encyclopedia Britannica



URETHANE, NH2CO

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 795 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TUM-VAN
URETHANE, NH2CO ,C,H5, the
ethyl
  ester of carbamic
acid
 , is synthesized from
ammonia
  and chlorcarbonic ester or diethyl carbonate; by prolonged boiling of
urea
  with
alcohol
  (A. W. Hofmann, Ber., 1871, 4, p. 268); by the action of alcoholic hydrochloric
acid
  on
cyanogen
 ; by the action of
alcohol
  on
urea
  chloride (L. Gattermann, Ann., 1888, 244, p. 40); and by warming alcoholic hydrochloric acid with an alcoholic
solution
  of potassium cyanate (0. Folin, Amer. Chem. Jour., 1897, 19, p. 341). It crystallizes in large plates, readily soluble in
water
  and melting at 49-50 C. When heated with
ammonia
  to ,8o C., it gives urea. Cold alcoholic potash decomposes it into potassium cyanate and alcohol.
Nitroso-urethane, NO. NH CO2C2H6, formed by reducing ammonium nitro-urethane with
zinc
  dust and glacial acetic acid (J. Thiele,
Ann., 1895, 288, p. 304), crystallizes in needles which melt at 5152 C. (with decomposition). It is decomposed by alkalis and by acids:


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