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Encyclopedia Britannica



ULUGH BEG, MIRZA MAHOMMED BEN SHAH

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 574 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TUM-VAN
ULUGH BEG, MIRZA MAHOMMED BEN SHAH ROK
(1394-1449), Persian astronomer, son of the shah Rok and grand-son of Timur, succeeded his father as prince of Samarkand in
1447, after having for years taken part in the government, and was murdered in 1449 by his eldest son. He erected an
observatory
  at Samarkand, from which were issued tables of the sun, moon and
planets
 , with an interesting introduction, which throws much light on the trigonometry and astronomical methods then in use (Prolegomenes des tables astronemiques d'Ouloug Beg, ed. by Sedillot, Paris, 1847, and translated by the same, 1853). The serious errors which he found in the Arabian
star
  catalogues (which were simply copied from
Ptolemy
 , adding the effect of precession to the longitudes) induced him to redetermine the positions of 992 fixed stars, to which he added 27 stars from
Al S11fi's catalogue, which were too far
south
  to be observed at Samarkand.
This catalogue, the first
original
  one since
Ptolemy
 , was edited by Th. Hyde at
Oxford
  in. 1665 (Tabulae longitudinis et latitudinis stellarum fixarum ex observatione Ulugbeighi), by G. Sharpe in 1767, and in 1843 by F. Baily in vol. xiii. of the Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society.
See
Delambre
 , Histoire de l'astronomie du moyen age;
Poggendorff
 , Biographisch-litterarisches.


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