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Encyclopedia Britannica

TROCHU, LOUIS JULES (18'5'896)

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 298 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TOO-TUM

TROCHU, LOUIS JULES (18'5'896) , French general, was born at Palais (Belle-Ile-en-Mer) on the '2th of March 1815. Educated at St Cyr he received a commission in the Staff Corps in 1837, was promoted lieutenant in '840, and captain in 1843. He served as a captain in

Algeria

ALGERIA
ALGERIA (Algerie)

under

Marshal

MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Bugeaud, who, in recognition of his gallantry in the battles of Sidi Yussuf and Isly,, made him his aide-de-camp and entrusted him with important commissions. He was promoted major in 1845, and colonel in 1853. He served with distinction throughout the Crimean campaign, first as aide-de-camp to

Marshal

MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

St Arnaud, and then as general of brigade, and was made a

commander

COMMANDER

of the Legion of Honour and general of division. He again distinguished himself in command of a division in the Italian campaign of '859, where he won the grand

cross

CROSS

of the Legion of Honour. In 1866 he was employed at the ministry of war in the preparation of army reorganization schemes, and he published anonymously in the following year L'Armee franraise en 1867, a

work

WORK

inspired with Orleanist sentiment, which ran through ten editions in a few months and reached a twentieth in 1870. This brochure brought him into bad odour at court, and he left the war office on half-pay, and was refused a command in the field at the outbreak of the Franco-German War. After the earlier disasters in '870, he was appointed by the emperor first commandant of the troops of Chalons camp, and soon afterwards (Aug. 17)

governor

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

of Paris and

commander

COMMANDER

-inchief of all the forces destined for the defence of'the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

, including some 120,000 regular troops, 8o,000 mobiles, and 330,000 National Guards. He worked energetically to put Paris in a state of defence and throughout the siege showed himselfa master of the passive defensive. At the revolution of the 4th of September he became president of the government of national defence, in addition to his other offices. His " plan " for defending the city raised expectations doomed to disappointment; the successive sorties made under pressure of public

opinion

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

were unsuccessful, and having declared in one of his proclamations that the

governor

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

of Paris would never capitulate, when capitulation became inevitable he resigned the governorship of Paris on the 22nd of January 1871 to General Vinoy, retaining the presidency of the government until after the armistice in February. He was elected to the National Assembly by eight departments, and sat for

Morbihan

MORBIHAN

. In October he was elected president of the council general for

Morbihan

MORBIHAN

. In July 1872 he retired from political life, and in 1873 from the army. He published in 1873 Pour la verite et pour la justice, in

justification

JUSTIFICATION

of the government of national defence, and in 1879 L'Arnee franeaise en 1879, par un officier en retraite, a sort of supplement to his former

work

WORK

of 1867. He died at Tours on the 7th of October 1896.

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