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Encyclopedia Britannica



TRNOVO, or TIRNOVO

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 298 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TOO-TUM
TRNOVO, or TIRNOVO , an episcopal city and the
capital
  of a department of Bulgaria; 124 M. E.N.E. of Sofia, on the river Yantra, and on the Sofia-Varna railway, at the junction of the branch line from Rustchuk. Pop. (1906), '2,171. The city consists of two divisions.the Christian
quarter
 , situated chiefly on a high rocky
plateau
 , and the so-called Turkish
quarter
 , on the lower ground; but many of the Turkish inhabitants emigrated after 1878. On the Tsarevetz Hill above the city are the remains of the ancient citadel. The Husarjaini mosque is used as a military powder and dynamite factory. In the Christian quarter there are some interesting churches of the middle ages, notably that of the
Forty
  Martyrs, in which the Bulgarian tsars were crowned. Numerous antiquarian remains have also been discovered. There are a gymnasium and a high-class girls' school. The city possesses large dye-works, and important manufactures of copper utensils.
Trnovo
  was the ancient
capital
  of Bulgaria, and from 1186 until its capture by the Turks, '7th of July 1394, the residence of the Bulgarian tsars. From the beginning of the'3th century it was also the seat of the patriarchate of Bulgaria, until the suppression of the patriarchate in 1767. In 1897 it was taken from Turkey by the Russians, and in 1879 Prince Alexander of
Battenberg
  was here elected prince of Bulgaria. On the 5th of October 1908 the independence of Bulgaria was proclaimed here by King Ferdinand, in the
church
  of the
Forty
  Martyrs.


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