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Encyclopedia Britannica



TOTILA (d. 552)

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 91 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TOO-TUM
TOTILA (d. 552) , king of the Ostrogoths, was chosen king after the death of his uncle Ildibad in 541, his real name being, as is seen from the coinage issued by him, Baduila. The
work
  of his life was the restoration of the
Gothic
  kingdom in Italy and he entered upon the task at the very beginning of his reign, collecting together and inspiring the Goths and winning a victory over the troops of the emperor Justinian, near Faenza. Having gained another victory in 542, this time in the valley of Mugello, he left Tuscany for Naples, captured that city and then received the submission of the provinces of Lucania, Apulia and Calabria.
Totila
 's conquest of Italy was marked not only by celerity but also by mercy, and Gibbon says " none were deceived, either friends or enemies, who depended on his faith or his clemency." Towards the end of 545 the
Gothic
  king took up his station at Tivoli and prepared to starve Rome into surrender, making at the same time elaborate preparations for checking the progress of Bellsarius who was advancing to its relief. The Imperial
fleet
 , moving up the Tiber and led by the
great
  general, only just failed to succour the city, which must then, perforce, open its gates to the Goths. It was plundered, although
Totila
  did not carry out his threat to make it a pasture for cattle, and when the Gothic army withdrew into Apulia it was from a
scene
  of desolation. But its walls and other fortifications were soon restored, and Totila again marching against it was defeated by Belisarius, who, however, did not follow up his advantage. Several cities were taken by the Goths, while Belisarius remained inactive and then left Italy, and in 549 Totila advanced a third time against Rome, which he captured through the treachery of some of its defenders. His next exploit was the conquest and plunder of Sicily, after which he subdued Corsica and Sardinia and sent a Gothic
fleet
  against the coasts of
Greece
 . By this time the emperor Justinian was taking energetic
measures
  to check the Goths. The conduct of a new campaign was entrusted to the eunuch Narses; Totila marched against him and was defeated and killed at the battle of Tagina in July
552.
See E. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, edited by J. B. Bury (1898), vol. iv; T. Hodgkin, Italy and her Invaders (1896), vol. iv. and Kampfner, Totila,
Konig
  der Ostgoten (1889).


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