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Encyclopedia Britannica



TOPFFER, RODOLPHE (1799-1846)

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 50 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TOO-TUM
TOPFFER, RODOLPHE (1799-1846) , the inventor of pedestrianjourneys in Switzerland by schoolboys, was born at Geneva on the 31st of January 1799. His grandfather, a tailor, came about 176o from
Schweinfurt
  (Bavaria) to settle in Geneva, while his father,
Adam
 , was an artist. Rodolphe's literary education was rather desultory, as he intended to be an artist, like his father. But in 1819 his weak eyesight put an end to that intention, so he studied in Paris, intending to devote himself to the profession of schoolmaster. After passing some time in a private school in Geneva (1822-1824), he founded (1824) one of his own, after his
marriage
 . It was in 1823 that he made his first foot journey in the Alps with his pupils, though this became his
regular
  practice only from 1832 onwards. These Voyages en zigzag were described annually (1832-1843) in a
series
  of lithographed volumes, with sketches by the authorthe first printed edition appeared at Paris in 1844, and a second
series
  (Nouveaux voyages en zigzag) also at Paris in 1854. Both series have since passed through many editions. In 1832 he was named professor of belles-lettres at the university of Geneva, and held that chair till his death, on the 8th of June 1846. As early as 1834 he published an article in the Bibliotheque universelle of Geneva. It was followed by a number of tales, commencing with the Bibliotheque de mon oncle (1832), many of which were later collected (1841) into the well-known volume which bears the
title
  of Nouvelles genevoises. He took some
part
  (on the Conservative side) in local politics, and was (1841-1843) editor of the Courrier de Geneve. Among
his other works are an edition of
Demosthenes
  (1824), and a volume of artistic studies, the Reflexions et menus propos d'un peintre genevois (1848).
Lives by A.
Blondel
  and the abbe Relave (both published at Paris, 1886), and shorter notices in E. Rambert's Ecrivains nationaux (Geneva, 1874) ; and E. Javelle's Souvenirs d'un alpiniste (Lausanne, 1886; Eng. trans., 1899, under the
title
  of Alpine Memories), and several chapters in Ste Beuve's Causeries du lundi, Derniers portraits litteraires and Portraits contemporains. (W. A. B. C.)


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