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Encyclopedia Britannica



TIMON (c. 320-230)

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 989 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: THE-TOO
TIMON (c. 320-230) , of Phlius, Greek sceptic philosopher and satirical poet, a pupil of Stilpo the Megarian and Pyrrho of Elis. Having made a fortune by teaching and lecturing in Chalcedon he spent the rest of his life chiefly at Athens, where he died. His writings (
Diogenes
  Laertius, ix. ch. 1`2) were numerous both in
prose
  and in verse: besides the ZiXXo6, he is said to have written epic poems, tragedies, comedies and satyric dramas. But he is best known as the author of the ItXXot, three books of sarcastic hexameter verses, written against the Greek philosophers.
The fragments that remain (about 140 lines or parts of lines, printed in F. W. A. Mullach, Frag. Phil. graec. i. 8498) show that
Timon
  possessed some of the qualities of a
great
  satirist, together with a command of the hexameter; but he had no loftier aim than to awaken laughter. Philosophers are " excessively cunning murderers of many wise saws " (v. 96) ; the only two whom he spares are Xenophanes, " the modest censor of
Homer
 's lies " (v. 29), and Pyrrho, against whom " no other mortal dare contend " (v. 126). Besides the zixXoi we have some lines preserved from the 'Js&tAFcof, a poem in elegiac verse, which appears to have inculcated the tenets of scepticism, and one or two fragments which cannot be with certainty assigned to either poem. There is a reference to
Timon
  in Ells. Freels,. Ev. xiv. (Eng. trans. by E. H.
Gifford
 , 1903, p. 761). Fragments of his poems have been collected by Wilke, De graecorur syllis (Warsaw, 1820), Paul, Dissertatio de syllis (Berlin, 182x), and
Wachsmuth
 , Sillographorum graec. religuiae (
Leipzig
 , 1885).


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