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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: THE-TOO |
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TIMGAD , a ruined city 23 M. S.E. of Batna in the department of Constantine, Algeria. Timgad, the Thamugas of the Romans, was built on the lower slopes of the northern side of the Aures Mountains, and was situated at the intersection of six roads. It was traversed by two main streets, the Cardo Maximus running north and south, and the Decumanus Maximus east
east
chief
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house
Numerous inscriptions have been found on the ruins, and from them many events in the history of Thamugas have been learnt. In the year A.U. 100 the emperor Trojan gave orders to build a city on the site of a fortified post on the road between Theveste and Lambaesis. This city, called Colonia Marciana Trajana Thamugas (Marciana in honour of Trojan's sister) appears from the inscriptions to have been completed, as far as the principal buildings were concerned, in seventeen years. A legion' of Parthian veterans was stationed in the newly founded city. From the time of its foundation to the 4th century Thamugas seems to have enjoyed a peaceful and prosperous existence. Numerous inscriptions testify to the manner of life of the citizens. In the 3rd century Thamugas became a centre of Christian activity, and in the next century espoused the cause of the Donatists. The city declined in importance after the Vandal invasion in the 5th century, and was found in a ruinous condition by the Byzantine general Solomon, who occupied it A.D. 535 It is believed that the Berbers from the neighbouring mountains destroyed the city, hoping thus to prevent it being used as a stronghold from which to harry them. Thamugas was, however, repeopled, and in the 7th century was a Christiancity. After the defeat of Gregorius, governor of Africa, by the Arabs in 647, Thamugas passes from history. After centuries of neglect -James Bruce, the African traveller, visited the spot (1765), made careful drawings of the monuments and deciphered some of the inscriptions. Bruce was followed, more than a century later (1875), by Sir R. Lambert Playfair, British consul
series of standard measuresfive cavities hollowed out of a stone slab. .Seventeen miles west of Timgad, on the site of the Roman city Lambaesis, is Lambessa (q.v.). See G. Boeswillwald, R. Cagnat and A. Ballu, Timgad, une cite a ricaine sous l'empire remain; and A. Ballu, Guide illustre de Timgad (Faris, 1903). End of Article: TIMGAD If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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