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Encyclopedia Britannica

TIARET (Tahert)

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 912 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: THE-TOO

TIARET (Tahert) , a town of

Algeria

ALGERIA
ALGERIA (Algerie)

, in the Tell Atlas, department of Oran, 122 M. S.E. of

Mostaganem

MOSTAGANEM

by rail. It occupies an important strategic position on a pass through the mountains at an

elevation

ELEVATION

of 3552 ft. Pop. (1906), 5778, of whom 3433 were Europeans. The Wadi Tiaret flows through the town in a

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

of cascades. The upper town, the residential quarter, is on the right bank of this stream. The citadel occupies a

separate

SEPARATE

hill on the other side of the wadi. The

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

business centre is the lower town where are also the principal public buildings. On another hill opposite the citadel is the native town.
The citadel occupies the site of a Roman station believed to be that of Tingurtia. Tiaret (Berber for " station ") was a town of note at the time of the Arab invasion of North Africa in the 7th century and is stated by Ibn Khaldun to have offered a stubborn resistance to Sidi-Okba. In 761 it was taken by Abdurrahman ibn Rostem, the founder of the dynasty of the Beni Rustam (Rostem). Their empire, which during the reign of Abdurrahman (761-784) and his son Abdul Wahab (784-823) extended over the greater part of the modern

Algeria

ALGERIA
ALGERIA (Algerie)

, was known as the Ibadite Empire from Abdallah ibn Ibad, the founder of the heretical sect to which Abdurrahman belonged. The Ibadites represented the moderate section of the Kharijites (see MAHOMMEDAN RELIGION). Seven princes of the Rustamite

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

succeeded Abdul Wahab at Tiaret, but in 909 the dynasty was overthrown by the Fatimite general al Shi'i. Two years later Tiaret was captured by Massala ibn Habbus of the Miknasa dynasty of Morocco, and after his death in 924 two other princes of the same

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

maintained their independence, but in 933 the Fatimites again gained the mastery. The Ibadites, after being expelled from the Tell, took

refuge

REFUGE

in Wargla. They were driven thence in the 11th century and migrated to Mzab, where their descendants still profess the Ibadite doctrines (see MZABITES). After its second capture by the Fatimites, Tiaret ceased to be the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

of a

separate

SEPARATE

state. For a long period it was included in the sultanate of Tlemcen, and in the 16th century fell to the Turks. It was one of the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

towns of Abd el Kader, but was occupied by the French in 1843. At Takdempt, 6 m. west of Tiaret, Abd el Kader had his principal arsenal. About a mile from Takdempt are ruins of a town supposed to be the remains of the Ibadite

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

. Eighteen miles S.S.W. of Tiaret are the sepulchral monuments known as the Jedars (see ALGERIA: Archaeology).

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