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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: THE-TOO |
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THESPIAE , an ancient Greek city of Boeotia. It stood on level ground commanded by the low range of hills which runs eastward from the foot of Mount
Praxiteles
Claudius
Mount
east
village
east
dates
History.Thespiae figures chiefly in historj as an enemy of Thebes, whose centralizing policy it had all the more to fear because of the proximity of the two towns. During the Persian invasion of 48o B.C. it stood almost alone 'among Boeotian cities in rejecting the example of treason set by the Thebans, and served the national cause with splendid devotion. Seven hundred Thespians accompanied Leonidas to Thermopylae and of their own free will shared his last stand and destruction. The remaining inhabitants, after seeing their city burnt down by Xerxes, furnished a force of 1800 men to the confederate Greek army at Plataea. In 424 B.C. the contingent which the Thespians had been compelled to furnish sustained heavy losses at Delium, and in the next year the Thebans took advantage of this temporary enfeeblement to accuse their neighbours of friendship towards Athens and to dismantle their walls. In 414 they interfered again to suppress a democratic rising. In the Corinthian war Thespiae sided with Sparta, and between 379 and 372 repeatedly served the Spartans as a base against Thebes. In the latter year they were reduced by the Thebans and compelled to send a contingent to Leuctra (371). It was probably shortly after this battle that the Thebans used their new predominance to destroy Thespiae and drive its people into exile . The town was rebuilt at some later time. In 171 B.C., true to its policy of opposing Thebes, it sought the friendship of Rome. It is subsequently mentioned by Strabo as a place of some size, and by Pliny as a free city.See Herodotus, v. 79, vii. 132-ix. 30; Thucydides, iv. 93, 133, vi. 95; Xenophon, Hellenica, iv. vi.; Pausanias, ix. 13. 814, 2, 2627; Strabo, ix. pp. 40910; B. V. Head, Historia Numorum (Oxford, 1887), pp. 47980; Leake, Travels in Northern Greece, ii. 479 sq.; Dodwell
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