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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TAV-THE |
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THEODOSIUS OF TRIPOLIS , Greek geometer and astronomer, three of whose works were contained in the collection of lesser writings named 6 prKpbs aarpovopobpevos (sc. rb7ros), or 6 pucpos aorpov6 os.' Suidas erroneously identifies him with a sceptical philosopher of the same name who lived in the second half of the and century A.D. or later, but, on the other hand, distinguishes him from a native of Tripolis who wrote a poem on spring . He is doubtless the same as Theodosius the mathematician, who is mentioned by Strabo amongst the natives of Bithynia distinguished for their learning, and whose sons were also mathematicians, the same, too, as the inventor of a universal sun-dial (horologium wpbs arav K)^ipa) of that name who is praised by Vitruvius (De Architecture, ix. 9). His date, there-fore, could not have been later than the 1st century B.c.; he may, however, have lived in the preceding century, inasmuch as the names mentioned by Strabo in the passage referred to above are, as far as we know, arranged chronologically, and Theodosius immediately follows Hipparchus, who made astronomical observations between 161 and 126 B.C., and precedes Asclepiades the physician, who lived at Rome at the beginning of the 1st century B.C.His chief
special
work
A. Nokk (Ueber die Sphdrik des Theodosius; Karlsruhe, 1847), Heiberg (Litterargeschichtliche Studien fiber Euklid, pp. 43 seq.; Leipzig
Leipzig
analysis of Theodosius' work
The Spherics of Theodosius was translated into Arabic at the beginning of the loth century, and from the Arabic into Latin in the 12th century by Plato of Tivoli (Tiburtinus) This translation was published in 1518 at Venice, but was found so faulty by J. Voegelinus that he published a new Latin version, together with additions from the Arabian commentators (Vienna, 1529, 4to) ; other Latin translations were published by F. Maurolycus (Messina, 1558, fol.) ; by C. Clavius (Rome, 1586, 4t0) ; and by Barrow under the title, Theodosii Sphaerica, Methodo Nova Illustrate a Succincte Demonstrata (London, 1675, 4to). The Greek text was first published, and with it a Latin translation, by J. Pena (Paris, 1558, 4to); it has been edited since by Joseph Hunt (Oxford, 1707), and by E. Nizze (Berlin, 1852), but these two editions are founded on that of Pena. There is also a German translation by Nizze (Stralsund, 1826). His two editions are accompanied with valuable notes and an appendix containing additions from Voegelinus and others. The two other works of Theodosius which have come down to us have not as yet been published in the original
I This collection contained, according to Fabricius, Bibliotheca Graeca, ed. Harles, iv. p. 16, the following books:" Theodosii Tripolitae, Sphaericorum, libri iii.; Euclidis, Data, Optica, Catoptrica, ac Phaenomena; Theodosii Tripolitae, De Habitationibus et Noctibus ac Diebus, libri ii.; Autolyci Pitanaei, De Sphaera Moto, et libri ii. De Ortu aique Occasu Stellarum Inerrantium ; Aristarchi Samii, De Magnitudinibus ac Distantiis Solis
analysis (b bvaAUbpevos rbrios).772 first book of this work of Theodosius. His work repl oiic, oewv (On Habitations) also was published by Auria (Rome, 1588). It gives an account of how, for every inhabitant of the earth from the equator
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