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Encyclopedia Britannica



THEODORA (d. 1057)

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 765 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TAV-THE
THEODORA (d. 1057) , daughter of the emperor Constantine VIII. Possessed of a strong and austere character, she refused the hand of the
heir
 -presumptive, Romanus, who was married instead to her
sister
  Zoe (1028). Though living in retirement she excited Zoe's jealousy, and on a pretext of conspiracy was confined in a monastery. In 1042 the popular
movement
  which caused the dethronement of Michael V. also led to Theodora's instalment as
joint
 -empress with her
sister
 . After two months of active participation in government she allowed herself to be virtually superseded by Zoe's new husband, Constantine IX. Upon his death in 1054, in spite of her seventy years, she reasserted her dormant rights with vigour,and frustrated an attempt to supersede her on behalf of the general Nicephorus Bryennius. By her firm administration she controlled the unruly nobles and checked numerous abuses; but she marred her reputation by excessive severity towards private enemies and the undue employment of menials for advisers. She died suddenly in 1057.
See G. Finlay, History of
Greece
 , vol. ii. (
Oxford
 , 1877); G. Schlumberger, L'Epopee Byzantine, vol. iii.(Paris. 19o5).


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