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Encyclopedia Britannica



TETRARCH (TETp&pX1)S)

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 671 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TAV-THE
TETRARCH (TETp&pX1)S) , the ruler of a tetrarchy, that is, in the
original
  sense of the word, of one quarter of a region. Such were the tetrarchies of Thessaly as reconstructed by Philip of Macedon and of
Galatia
  before its conquest by the Romans (169 B.C.). In later times the title of tetrarch is
familiar
  from the New Testament as borne by certain princes of the
petty
  dynasties which the Romans allowed to exercise a de-pendent sovereignty within the province of Syria. In this application it has lost its
original
  precise sense, and means only the ruler of part of a divided kingdom, or of a
district
  too unimportant to justify a higher title. After the death of
Herod
  the
Great
  (4 B.C.) his realm was shared among his three sons: the
chief
  part, including Judaea, Samaria and Idumaea, fell to Archelaus (Matt. ii. 22), with the title of ethnarch (Josephus, Antiq., xvii. 11, 4); Philip received the north-
east
  of the realm and was called tetrarch; and Galilee was given to
Herod
  Antipas, who bore the same title (Luke iii. 1). These three sovereignties were reunited under Herod
Agrippa
  from A.D. 41 to 44. In the same passage of Luke mention is made of Lysanias, tetrarch of Abilene near Damascus, in the valley of the Barada.


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