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Encyclopedia Britannica



TEANO (anc. Teanum Sidicinum)

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 486 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: TAV-THE
TEANO (anc. Teanum Sidicinum) , a town of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 21 M. N.W. of that town on the main line to Rome from Naples, forming conjointly with Calvi an episcopal see. Pop. (1901) 6067 (town); 13,505 (commune). It stands at the S.E. foot of an
extinct
  volcano, Rocca Monfina (3297 ft.), 643 ft. above sea-level. The cathedral
dates
  from 1530, but has many columns obtained from the ruins of the ancient town. There is a feudal castle built by the dukes of Sessa in the 15th century. Below the town on the S.E. is the old church of S. Paride.
The ancient Teanum Sidicinum (there is a Teanum Apulum, q.v., in Apulia) was the
capital
  of the Oscan tribe of the Sidicini which drove the Aurunci from Rocca Monfina. They probably submitted to Rome in 334 B.C. and their troops were grouped with those of Campania in the Roman army. Thus the garrison of
Regium
 , which in 28o attacked the citizens, consisted of one cohort of Sidicini and two of Campanians. Like Cales, Teanum continued to have the right of coinage, and, like Suessa and Cales, remained faithful to Rome in both the Hannibalic and the Social wars. Its position gave it some military importance, and it was apparently made a colony by
Claudius
 , not by
Augustus
 . Strabo speaks of it as the most important town on the Via
Latina
 , and only coming after
Capua
  among the towns in the interior of Campania. It lay on the Via
Latina
 , here joined by a branch road from Suessa, of which remains still exist, and which continued E. to Allifae. Remains of a theatre and an
amphitheatre
  still exist, and some extensive baths, containing several statues, and some Roman dwellings. both some way below the modern town, were excavated in 1go8. A tomb with a Christian mosaic representing the visit of the three kings to Bethlehem was found in 1907 (V. Spinazzola in Notizie degli Scavi, 1907, 697; E. Gabrici, ibid., 1908, 399).


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