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Encyclopedia Britannica



TARAPACA

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 416 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SUS-TAV
TARAPACA , a northern province of Chile, bounded N. by Tacna, E. by Bolivia, S. by Antofagasta, and W. by the Pacific. Area 18,131 sq. m. Pop. (1895) 89,751; (1902, estimated) 101,105. It is
part
  of the rainless desert region of the Pacific
coast
  of
South
  America, and is absolutely without water except at the base of the Andes where streams flow down into the sands and are lost. In some of these places there is vegetation and water enough to support small settlements. The wealth of Tarapaca is in its immense deposits of nitrate of soda (found on the Pampa de Tamarugal, a broad desert
plateau
  between the
coast
  range and the Andes, which has an
elevation
  of about 3000 ft.). The mining and preparation of nitrate of soda for export maintain a large
population
  and engage an immense amount of
capital
 . Silver is
mined
  in the vicinity of Iquique, the
capital
 . The ports of the province are Pisagua, Iquique and Patillos, from which " nitrate railways " run inland to the deposits. Tarapaca was ceded to Chile by Peru after the war of 18791883, and was organized as a province in 1884.


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