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Encyclopedia Britannica



SWINDON

This article appears in Volume V26, Page 236 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SUS-TAV
SWINDON , a market town and municipal borough in the Cricklade parliamentary division of Wiltshire, England, 774 m. W. of London by the
Great
  Western railway. Pop. (1891), 33,001; (1901), 45,006. It has two parts, New and Old. The
new town grew up around the vast locomotive and wagon works of the
Great
  Western railway, and is an important junction on that system with a
separate
  station on the Midland and
South
 -Western Junction railway. It arose rapidly on a strip of waste land, and churches and chapels were built for the workmen, whose numbers soon exceeded io,000. Each man contributes to a medical fund which maintains the fever, accident and general hospitals; providing also laundries and baths. There are a mechanics' institute, containing a large library, theatre, reading-rooms and lecture-
hall
 . The company owns a park with football and cricket grounds. An aisle of St Saviour's Church, dedicated in 1905, was built by the priest and congregation with their own hands. The picturesque old town stands on a hill over-looking the Gloucestershire borders, the White Horse Vale and Lambourn Down in Berkshire, and the great chalk uplands of Marlborough; while the camps of Blunsdon, Ringsbury, Barbury and Badbury are all visible. Here the
chief
  buildings are the church, town-
hall
 , market-hall and corn exchange. Old Swindon received the right of holding a
fair
  from Charles I. Coate Reservoir, less than 2 M.
south
 -
east
 , is a broad lake which supplies a branch of the Berks and Wilts Canal. Its shores are beautifully wooded, and it abounds with fish. Swindon is governed by a mayor, 12 aldermen and 36 councillors. Area, 4265 acres.


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