STUDER, BERNHARD (1794-1887)

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 1051 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: STE-SUS

STUDER, BERNHARD (1794-1887) , Swiss geologist, was born at Buren, near Berne, in August 1794. Although educated as a clergyman, he became so interested in geology at the university of Gottingen that he devoted his life to its pursuit. He subsequently studied at Freiburg, Berlin and Paris, and in 1816 was appointed teacher of mathematics and physics in the Berne

Academy

ACADEMY, GREEK
ACADEMY, ROYAL

. In 1825 he published Beytrdge zu einer Monographie der Molasse. Later on he commenced his detailed investigations of the western Alps, and published in 1834 his Geologie der westlichen Schweizer-Al pen. In the same year, largely through his influence, the university of Berne was established and he became the first professor of

mineralogy

MINERALOGY

. His Geologie der Schweiz in two vols. (1851-1853), and his geological maps of Switzerland prepared with the assistance of

Arnold

Escher von der

Linth

LINTH, or LIMMAT

, are monuments of his research. In 1859 he organized the geological survey of Switzerland, being appointed president of the commission, and retaining this position until the close of his life. It has been remarked by Marcou that Studer was present at the first meeting of the Societe helvetique des sciences naturelles at Geneva on the 6th of October 1815, and remained a member during 72 years. He was awarded the Wollaston medal by the Geological Society of London, 1874. He died at Berne on the 2nd of May 1887.
Obituary by Jules Marcou, Ann. rep. amer. acad. sci. for 1888.
aspired to make his illegitimate son, Giacomo Buoncompagno, king of Ireland. He set sail from Civita Vecchia in March 1578, but put into Lisbon, where he was to meet his confederate, James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald, and to secure better ships before sailing for Ireland. There he was turned from his purpose by King Sebastian, with whom he sailed for Morocco. He commanded the centre in the battle of Alcazar on the 4th of August 1578, and was killed, in

fair

FAIR

fight apparently, though tradition asserted that he was murdered by his Italian soldiers after the battle.
Stucley's adventurous career made considerable impression on his contemporaries. A play generally assigned to George Peele, The Battell of Alcazar . . . with the Death of Captain Stukely, printed by E. Allde in 1594, was probably acted in 1592, and is perhaps identical with a popular piece referred to by Henslowe as Muley surnamed Abdelmilech. It deals with Stucley's arrival in Lisbon and his Moorish expedition, but in a long speech before his death he recapitulates the events of his life. A later piece, The Famous History of the Life and Death of Captain Thomas Stukeley, printed for Thomas Panyer (1605), which is possibly the Stewtlq played, according to Henslowe, on the 11th of December 1596, is a biographical piece dealing with successive episodes, and seems to be a patchwork of older plays on Don Antonio and on Stucley. His adventures also form the subject of various

ballads

BALLADS

.
There is a detailed biography of Stucley, based chiefly on the English, Venetian and Spanish state papers, in R.

Simpson

's edition of the 1605 play (School of Shakespeare, 1878, vol. I.), where the Stucley

ballads

BALLADS

are also printed. References in contemporary poetry are quoted by Dyce in his introduction to the Battle of

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