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Encyclopedia Britannica



STIBNITE

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 915 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: STE-SUS
STIBNITE , a
mineral
  consisting of antimony sulphide, Sb2S3, occurring as bladed or acicular orthorhombic crystals; an important ore of antimony. It was mentioned by Dioscorides and Pliny under the names stimmi, stibi and platyophthalmon (rrXart,60aXov); the last name refers to the use which the ancients made of the powdered
mineral
  for darkening the eye-brows to increase the apparent size of the eyes. Antimonite is a name in common use for this species. The crystals are prismatic in habit, deeply furrowed longitudinally, and usually terminated by acute pyramidal planes. There is a perfect cleavage (ono) parallel to the length of the crystals, and the basal plane (oor) is a plane of gliding; the latter gives rise to very characteristic transverse striations or nicks on the cleavage surfaces of crystals which have been bent. The colour is lead-
grey
 , and the lustre metallic and brilliant a crystals become dull on prolonged exposure to
light
 . Cleavage flakes of extreme thinness transmit a small amount of red
light
 , but, are more transparent for heat rays. The mineral is quite soft (H.=2), and has a specific gravity of 4.6. Stibnite occurs with
quartz
  in beds and veins in gneisses and schists, or with
blende
 , galena, &c., in metalliferous veins. Magnificent groups of brilliant crystals, up to 20 in. in length, are abundant in the extensive antimony mine of Ichinokawa, province of Iyo, Japan. Large, but dull, crystals have also been found at Lubilhac in Haute-Loire,
France
 . Prismatic and acicular crystals often penetrating tabular crystals of
barytes
 , are common at Felsobanya near Magy-Bknya and Kremnitz in
Hungary
 . (L. J. S.)


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