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Encyclopedia Britannica



STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (182419o0)

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 913 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: STE-SUS
STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (182419o0) , British field marshal, son of Robert Stewart of Forres, Elginshire, was born at
Mount
  Pleasant, near Forres, on the 1st of March 1824. Educated at schools at Findhorn, Dufftown and
Elgin
 , and at Aberdeen University, he entered the Bengal army in 1840, and served in 18J4 and 1855 in the frontier expeditions against the Mohmands, and Afridis Aka and Bari Khel (medal and clasp). In the Indian Mutiny in 18J7 Stewart, after a famous ride from
Agra
  to Delhi with despatches, served on the staff at the siege and capture of Delhi and of Lucknow, and afterwards through the campaign in Rohilkhand (medal and two clasps, and brevet-major and lieutenant-colonel). For nine years he was assistant and deputy-adjutant-general of the Bengal army, commanded the Bengal brigade in the Abyssinian expedition in 1867 (medal and C'.B.), and became a major-general in 1868. He reorganized the penal settlement of the Andaman Islands, where he was commandant when Lord Mayo was assassinated, and, after holding the Lahore command, was promoted lieutenant-general in 1877, and commanded the Kandahar field force in the Afghan War in 1878 (K.C.B. and thanks of
parliament
 ). In 188o he made a difficult march from Kandahar to Kabul, fighting on the' way the battles of Ahmed Khel and Urzu, and held supreme military and civil command in northern Afghanistan. On hearing of the Maiwand disaster, he despatched Sir Frederick Roberts with a division on his celebrated march from Kabul to Kandahar, and himself led the rest of the army back to India by the Khyber Pass (medal with clasp, G.C.B., C.I.E., baronetcy, and thanks of
parliament
 ). Promoted general in 1881, he was for five years
commander
 -in-
chief
  in India, and afterwards member of the council of the secretary of state for India until his death. He was made G.C.S.I. in 1885, promoted to be field marshal iu 1894, and appointed
governor
  of Chelsea
Hospital
 
    See Also:
in 1895. He died at Algiers on the 26th of March 1000.
See G. R. Elsmie, Sir Donald Stewart (1903).


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