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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SOU-STE |
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STEVENS, . THADDEUS (1792-1868), American political leader, was born in Danville, Vermont, on the 4th of April 1792. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1814, removed to York
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
House
Lancaster
was made chairman of the House committee. In his speech ~ was again Democratic nominee for vice-president in 'goo, but of the 18th of December 1865 he asserted that rebellion had ipso facto blotted out of being all states in the South, that that section was then a " conquered province," and that its government was in the hands of Congress, which could do with it as it wished. He introduced from the joint committee what became, with changed clause as to the basis of representation, the Fourteenth Amendment, and also the Reconstruction Act of the 6th of February 1867. He also advocated the Freedmen's Bureau bills and the Tenure of Office Act, and went beyond Congress in favouring the confiscation of the property of the Confederate States and "of the real estate of 70,000 rebels who own above 200 acres each, together with the lands of their several states," for the benefit of the freedmen and loyal whites and to reimburse, it was said, the sufferers from Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania, during which Stevens's own ironworks at Chambersburg had been destroyed. He led Congress in the struggle with the president, and after the president's removal of Secretary of War Stanton he reported the impeachment
impeachment
Lancaster
Stevens was an extreme partisan in politics; and his opponents and critics have always charged him with being vindictive and revengeful toward the South. Instead of obtaining political and social equality for the negro, his policy intensified racial antagonism, forced practically all of the white people of the South into the Democratic party, and increased the difficulties in the way of a solution of the race problem; the policy, however, was the result of the passions and political exigencies of the time, and Stevens cannot be held responsible except as the leader of the dominant faction in Congress. He was an able, terse, forcible speaker, master of bitter sarcasm, irony, stinging ridicule, and, less often used, good-humoured wit. See S. \V. McCall's Thaddeus Stevens (Boston and New York
Series , a sympathetic, but judicious biography; also J. F. Rhodes, History of' he United States from the Compromise of 185o, especially vol. v. (New York, 1904).End of Article: STEVENS, If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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