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Encyclopedia Britannica



STENO, NICOLAUS (1631-1686)

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 879 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SOU-STE
STENO, NICOLAUS (1631-1686) , Danish naturalist, was born at
Copenhagen
  in 1631, and studied
medicine
  and anatomy in that city and in Paris. After a period of travel he settled in Italy (1666) at first as professor of anatomy at Padua, and then in Florence as
house
 -physician to the grand-duke Ferdinand II. of Tuscany. He returned to his native city in 1672 to become professor of anatomy, but, having become a Roman Catholic, he found it expedient to return to Florence, and was ultimately made apostolic
vicar
  of Lower Saxony. He died at Schwerin in Mecklenburg, on the 25th of November 1686. His fame rests on De solid() infra solidum naturaliter contento, published at Florence in 1669. In this notable
work
  Steno described various gems, minerals and petrif actions (fossils) enclosed within solid rocks. He compared the fossil with the living organisms, and distinguished marine and fluviatile formations. He argued also in favour of the
original
  horizontality of sedimentary deposits.
See Di Nicola Stenone e dei suoi studii geologici in Italia, by G. Capellini (1870) ; K. A. von
Zittel
 's History of
Geology
  and Palaeontology (Eng. ed., 1901) ; and W. J. Sollas, in Science Progress for Jan. 1898.


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