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Encyclopedia Britannica



STENDAL

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 879 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SOU-STE
STENDAL , a town of Germany, in the province of Prussian Saxony, picturesquely situated on the Uchte, 70 M. ' W. of Berlin on the main line of railway to Hanover'and at the junction of lines to Bremen, Magdeburg and
Wittenberge
 . Pop.`(19o5), 23,281. Among the relics of its former importance are the cathedral, built in 14201424 (though originally founded in 1188), restored in 1893 and now housing the archaeological collection of the Altmark, the
Gothic
  church of St Mary, founded in 1447, a "Roland column" of 1535, and two fortified gateways, dating from the 13th century. The last form the
chief
  remains of the ancient fortifications, the site of which is now mostly occupied by promenades. A monument to the archaeologist Johann
Joachim
  Winckdmann (17171768) commemorates his
birth
  in the town. Stendal is the seat. of a large railway workshop, and carries on various branches' of textile industry, besides the manufacture of tobacco, machinery, stoves, gold-leaf, &c. The earliest printing-press in the Altmark was erected here, and published 'an edition of the Sachsenspiegel in 1488 as its first book.
Stendal was founded in 1151 by Albert the
Bear
 , on the site of a Wendish settlement, and soon afterwards acquired a municipal charter. Becoming
capital
  of the Altmark and a frequent imperial residence, it rose to a considerable degree of prosperity, in part recently restored to it by its railway connexions. When the mark was divided in 1258, Stendal became the seat of the elder or Stendal branch. of the
house
  of Ascania, which, however, became extinct in 1320. The
original
  Wends were gradually
fused with the later
Saxons
 , although the Platea Slavonica, mentioned in 1475, was still distinguished as the Wenden Strasse in 1567. The population still exhibits a marked Slavonic clement.
See G6tze, Urkundliche Geschichte der Stadt Siendal (Stendal, 1873).


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