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Encyclopedia Britannica



SPES

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 644 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SOU-STE
SPES , in Roman mythology, the personification of
Hope
 . Originally a nature goddess (like
Venus
  the
garden
  goddess, with whom she was sometimes identified), she represented at first the
hope
  of fruitful gardens and
fields
 , then of abundant offspring, and lastly of prosperity to come and good fortune in general, being hence invoked on birthdays and at weddings. Of her numerous temples at Rome, the. most ancient was appropriately in the forum olitorium (vegetable market), built during the first Punic war, and since that time twice burnt down and restored. The day of its dedication (August 1) corresponded with the birthday of
Claudius
 , which explains the frequent occurrence of Spes on the coins of that emperor. Spes is represented as a beautiful maiden in a
long
  light robe, lifting up her skirt with her left hand, and carrying in her right a bud already closed or about to open. Sometimes she wears a garland of
flowers
  on her head, ears of corn and poppy-heads in her hand, symbolical of a prosperous harvest. Like Fortune, with whom she is often coupled in
inscriptions
  on Roman tombstones, she was also represented with the cornu copiae (
horn
  of plenty).
See G. Wissowa, Religion and Kultus der Romer (1902), according to whom Spes was originally not a
garden
  goddess, but simply the divinity to whom one prayed for the fulfilment of one's desires.


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