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Encyclopedia Britannica



SOMNATH

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 394 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SIV-SOU
SOMNATH , an ancient decayed city of Kathiawar in the province of Bombay, India. Pop. (19o1), 8341. It is situated on a bay of the Arabian Sea. The port, which is called Verawal, is distinct from the city proper (
Deva
 -Pattan, Somnath-Pattan, or Prabhas). The latter occupies a prominence on the
south
  side of the bay, is surrounded by massive fortifications, and retains in its ruins and numerous tombs many traces of its former greatness as a commercial port. But the city was most famous for the temple just outside its walls in which stood the
great
  idol or rather columnar emblem of
Siva
  called Somnath (Moon's lord), which was destroyed by Mahmfid of Ghazni. The famous "
Gates
  of Somnath, which were supposed to have been carried off by Mahmud to Ghazni, had probably no connexion with Somnath. They are built of deodar (II ft. in height and 91 in width) and are richly carved in geometric
Saracenic patterns. The
gates
  were attached to the building covering Mahmud's
tomb
  at Ghazni until their removal to India, under Lord
Ellenborough
 's orders, on the evacuation of Afghanistan in 1842. They are now contained in the
arsenal
  at
Agra
 .


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