SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 270 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861) ,

English

ENGLISH

physician and sanitary reformer, was born at Martock, Somerset-shire, on the 21st of December 1788. 'While a medical student in Edinburgh he took charge of a Unitarian

congregation

CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock,
herd
- HERD (a word common to Teutonic
  languages
  - LANGUAGES
  ; the O. Eng. form was heord; cf. Ger. Herde, Swed. and Dan. hjord; the Sans. ca'rdhas, which shows the pre-Teutonic form, means a troop)
)

. In 1816 he took his M.D. degree, and began to practice at Yeovil, Somerset, also becoming minister at a chapel in that town, but removed in 182o to London, devoting himself principally to

medicine

MEDICINE

. In 1824 he was appointed physician to the London

Fever

FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

Hospital

, and in .183o published A Treatise on

Fever

FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

, which was at once accepted as a standard authority on the subject. In this book he established the direct connexion between the impoverishment of the poor and epidemic fever. He was frequently consulted in fever epidemics and on sanitary matters by public authorities, and his reports on quarantine (1845), cholera (185o), yellow fever (1852), and on the results of sanitary improvement (1854) were of

international

INTERNATIONAL, THE

importance. He died at Florence on the loth of December 1861.

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