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Encyclopedia Britannica



SIMFEROPOL

This article appears in Volume V25, Page 122 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SHA-SIV
SIMFEROPOL , a town of Russia,
capital
  of the government of
Taurida
 , in the S. of the Crimea, 78 m. by rail N.E. of Sevastopol and Boo from Moscow. Pop. (1897) 60,876. It occupies an admirable site on the N. slopes of the Chatyr-dagh Mountains, and is divided into two partsthe European, well built in stone, and the Tatar, with narrow and filthy streets peopled by some 7000
Tatars
  and by
Jews
 . Although it has grown since the rail-way brought it into connexion with the rest of the empire, it still remains a mere administrative centre. It is the see of a
bishop
  of the Orthodox Greek Church and the headquarters of the 7th Russian army corps. There are a museum and monuments to Dolgoruki, conqueror of the Crimea, and to the empress Catherine II. (18go). The town is famous for its fruit.
In the neighbourhood stood the small fortress of Napoli, erected by the ruler of
Taurida
  some hundred years before the Christian era, and it existed until the end of the 3rd century. Afterwards the Tatar
settlement
  of Ak-mechet, which in the 17th century was the residence of the
chief
  military
commander
  of the
khan
 , had the name of Sultan-serai. In 1736 it was, taken and burnt by the Russians, and in 1784, after the conquest of the Crimea by the Russians, it received its present name and became the
capital
  of Taurida.


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