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Encyclopedia Britannica



SHOLAPUR

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 995 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SHA-SIV
SHOLAPUR , a city and
district
  of British India, in the Central division of Bombay. The city is 164 m. S.E. from Poona by rail. Municipal area, about 8 sq. m.; pop. (Igor) 75,288. Since 1877 it has ceased to be a military cantonment. Its great fort, of Mahommedan construction,
dates
  from the 14th to 17th centuries. The large bazaar is divided into seven sections, one of which is used on each day of the
week
 . There are two municipal gardens, with fine tanks and temples. It is an import-ant centre of trade, with three
cotton
  mills.
The
DISTRICT
  OF SHOLAPUR has an area of 4541 sq. m. Except in Karmala and Barsi subdivisions, in the north and east, where there is a good deal of hilly ground, the district is generally flat or undulating; but it is bare of vegetation, and presents every-where a bleak treeless appearance. The
chief
  rivers are the
Bhima and its tributariesthe Man, the Nira and the Sinaall flowing towards the south-east. Lying in a tract of uncertain rainfall, Sholapur is peculiarly liable to seasons of scarcity; much, however, has been done by the opening of canals and tanks, such as the Ekruk and Ashti tanks, to secure a better water-
supply
 , the Ekruk tank near Sholapur city is the second largest irrigation work in the Deccan. In Igor the population was 720,977, showing a decrease of 4% in the decade. The principal crops are millet,
pulse
 , oil seeds and
cotton
 . There are manufactures of silk and cotton cloth, and blankets. The
chief
  trading mart is Barsi. Pandharpur is a popular place of
pilgrimage
 . The Great Indian Peninsula railway runs through the district, with a junction for the Southern Mahratta railway, and another junction for the Barsi light railway, recently extended to Pandharpur.
Sholapur passed from the Bahmani to the Bijapur kings and from them to the Mahrattas. In 1818, on the fall of the peshwa, it was ceded to the British, when it formed part of the Poona collectorate, but in 1838 it was made a separate district.


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