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Encyclopedia Britannica



SHIRE

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 990 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SHA-SIV
SHIRE , one of the larger administrative divisions, in
Great
  Britain, now generally synonymous with " county " (q.v.), but the word is still used of smaller districts, such as Richmondshire and Hallamshire in Yorkshire, Norhamshire and Hexhamshire in Northumberland. The Anglo-Saxon shire (O. Eng. stir) was an administrative division next above the hundred and was presided over by the caldorman and the sheriff (the shire-reeve). The word stir, according to Skeat (Etym.
Diet
 ., 191o), meant originally office, charge, administration; thus in a vocabulary of the 8th
century
  (
Wright
 -Wiilcker, Anglo-Saxon and Old
English
  Vocabularies, 1884, 40-32) is found procuratio, sciir. Skeat compares 0. Eng. scirian, to distribute, appoint, Ger. Schirrmeister, steward. The usual derivation of the word connects it with " shear " and " share," and makes the
original
  meaning to have been a
part
  cut off.


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