SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)
This article appears in Volume V24, Page 856 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.
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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SHA-SIV
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SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879) , American soldier, was born in Dungannon , county Tyrone , Ireland, in 1810: He emigrated to the United States in 1826, and in 1832 began to practice law in Kaskaskia, Illinois. He was prominent in Democratic politics, was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 18361838, was state auditor in 18411843, was judge of the supreme court of the state in 1843-1845, and was commissioner of the U.S. General Land Office in 18451847. In the Mexican War he served as a brigadier-general of volunteers under General Zachary Taylor on the Rio Grande, under General John E. Wool in Chihuahua, and under General Winfield Scott in the southern campaign; he was breveted major-general for *gallantry at Cerro Gordo, where he was severely wounded, and he was again wounded at Chapultepec. In 18491855 he was a United States senator from Illinois; and in 18581859 was a senator from Minnesota. In 186o he removed to California. In August 1861, soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, he was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers; in March 1862 he succeeded to the command of General Frederick W. Lander's division; he was in command on the Federal side at Winchester (23 March 1862) and at Port Republic (9 June); and in March 1863 he resigned his commission. He then settled in Carrollton, Missouri, and in 1875 was a member of the State House of Representatives; in 1879 he was United States senator from Missouri for six weeks to fill an unexpired term . He died at Ottumwa, Iowa, on the 1st of June 1879.
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