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Encyclopedia Britannica



SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 856 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SHA-SIV
SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879) , American soldier, was born in
Dungannon
 , county
Tyrone
 , Ireland, in 1810: He emigrated to the United States in 1826, and in 1832 began to practice law in Kaskaskia, Illinois. He was prominent in Democratic politics, was a member of the Illinois
House
  of Representatives in 18361838, was state auditor in 18411843, was judge of the supreme
court
  of the state in 1843-1845, and was
commissioner
  of the U.S. General Land Office in 18451847. In the Mexican War he served as a brigadier-general of volunteers under General Zachary Taylor on the Rio Grande, under General John E. Wool in Chihuahua, and under General
Winfield
  Scott in the southern campaign; he was breveted major-general for *gallantry at Cerro Gordo, where he was severely wounded, and he was again wounded at Chapultepec. In 18491855 he was a United States senator from Illinois; and in 18581859 was a senator from Minnesota. In 186o he removed to California. In August 1861, soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, he was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers; in
March
  1862 he succeeded to the command of General Frederick W. Lander's division; he was in command on the Federal side at Winchester (23
March
  1862) and at Port Republic (9 June); and in March 1863 he resigned his commission. He then settled in Carrollton, Missouri, and in 1875 was a member of the State
House
  of Representatives; in 1879 he was United States senator from Missouri for six weeks to fill an unexpired
term
 . He died at Ottumwa, Iowa, on the 1st of June 1879.


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