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Encyclopedia Britannica



SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 649 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SCY-SHA
SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think) , a word of which the
principal
 
meanings now are: (a) in grammar, a thought expressed in words in complete grammatical form and composed of subject and predicate, and (b) in law, a judicial decision. In law, the
term
  signifies either (1) a judgment of a court of criminal
jurisdiction
  imposing a
punishment
  such as a fine or imprisonment, or (2) a decree of certain competent courts, as ecclesiastical and admiralty courts. In sense (I) a sentence may be either definite or final, i.e. one giving finality to the case, or interlocutory, determining some point in the progress of the case (see, however, JUDGMENT). The sentences inflicted by the courts of various countries vary according to the gravity of the offence (see CRIMINAL LAW; also
CAPITAL
 
PUNISHMENT
 ; and, for the " indeterminate " sentence, RECIDIVISM). Concurrent sentences are those which run from the same date in respect of convictions on various indictments. A cumulative sentence is the sum
total
  of consecutive sentences passed in respect of each distinct offence of which an accused person has been found guilty on several
counts
  of an indictment. A sentence, in the case of trials before a court of
assize
 , commences to run from the first day of the sitting of the court, but in that of courts of
quarter
  sessions from the time the sentence is pronounced.


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