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Encyclopedia Britannica



SECT

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 572 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SCY-SHA
SECT , a
body
  of persons holding distinctive or
separate
  doctrines or opinions, especially in matters of religion; thus there are various sects among the
Jews
 , the Mahommedans, and the Buddhists, &c. In the Christian
Church
  it has usually a hostile or depreciatory sense and is applied, like " sectary," to all religious bodies outside the one to which the user of the
term
  belongs.
The latter use has been influenced by the false etymology which makes the word mean " cut off " (Lat. secare, to cut). The derivation has been
long
  a matter of dispute. The Latin secta was used in classical Latin first of a way, a trodden or beaten path ; it seems to be derived from secare, to cut, cf. the phrase secare viam, to travel, take one's way, Gr. r zvecv bIbv. From the phrase sec/am sequi, to follow in the footsteps of any one, the word came to mean a party, following,
faction
 . Another transferred sense is a manner or mode of life, so hanc sectam rationemque vitae . . . secuti sumus (Cie. Gael. 17, 40). It was also the
regular
  word for a school of philosophy and so translates alpeats, lit. choice (alpeIaBac,to choose), from which is derived " heresy " (q.v.). The
Vulgate
  (N.T.) translates aipeocs sometimes by secta, sometimes by haeresis. In Med. Lat., besides these uses we find secta meaning a suit at law, a suit of clothes, and a following or suite. These meanings point to the derivation of secta adopted by Skeat (Etym. Diet., 1910) ; which connects the word with sequi, to follow. Whichever derivation is accepted a " sect " does not mean a
part
  " cut off " from the
church
 .


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