SCHISM

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 327 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAR-SCY

SCHISM , a division, especially used of a formal separation from a

church

or religious

body

BODY

, a sect, or

church

formed by such separation. The

Greek

GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

vxiva, a cleft, split, from vA"eev, to cleave, is used in the New Testament of an actual rent in a garment (Matt. ix. 16) and also several times of divisions or differences of

opinion

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

as to the teaching and

message

MESSAGE (a word occurring in slightly different forms in several languages, e.g. Fr. message, Span. mensaje, Ital. messagio; adapted from the Low Lat. missaticum, from mittere)

of Christ (John vii. 43) or of dissension in the church (r Cor. xi. 18) In the early Christian Church, as defined by the Fathers, and later, the offence of " schism " is distinguished from that of " heresy "; it refers not to differences of belief or

doctrine

DOCTRINE

, but to the promotion, or the state, of divisions of organisation, and to the formation of bodies

separate

SEPARATE

from the true church, or to dissensions and separations due to disputes over'matters of discipline or authority (see HERESY). The dispute which lea to the separation of the Latin and

Greek

GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Churches is known as the "

Great

GREAT

Schism," and the division over the election to the Papacy of Urban VI. and Clement VII. as the "

Great

GREAT

Schism of the West " (13781417) (see PAPACY and CHURCH HISTORY).

End of Article: SCHISM

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