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Encyclopedia Britannica



SAUNDERSON, or SANDERSON, NICHOLAS (1682-1739)

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 237 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAR-SCY
SAUNDERSON, or SANDERSON, NICHOLAS (1682-1739) ,
English
  mathematician, was born at Thurlstone, Yorkshire, in January 1682. When about a year old he lost his sight through smallpox; but this did not prevent him from acquiring a know-ledge of Latin and Greek, and studying mathematics. In 1707 he began lecturing at
Cambridge
  on the principles of the Newtonian philosophy, and in November 1711 he succeeded William
Whiston
 , the Lucasian professor of mathematics in
Cambridge
 . He was created
doctor
  of
laws
  in 1728 by command of George II., and in 1736 was admitted a member of the Royal Society. He died of scurvy, on the 19th of April 1739.
Saunderson possessed the friendship of many of the eminent mathematicians of the time, such as Sir Isaac Newton, Edmund Halley, Abraham De Moivre and Roger
Cotes
 . His senses of hearing and
touch
  were extraordinarily acute, and he could carry on mentally
long
  and intricate mathematical calculations. He devised a calculating
machine
  or abacus, by which he could perform arithmetical and algebraical operations by the sense of
touch
 ; this method is sometimes termed his palpable arithmetic, an account of which is given in his elaborate Elements of Algebra (2 vols., Cambridge, 174o). Of his other writings, prepared for the use of his pupils, the only one which has been published is The Method of Fluxions (1 vol., Lon-don, 1756). At the end of this treatise there is given, in Latin, an explanation of the
principal
  propositions of Sir Isaac Newton's philosophy.


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