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Encyclopedia Britannica



SARK

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 220 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAR-SCY
SARK , a small island of the Channel Islands, 7 M. E. of
Guernsey
 , much visited on account of its magnificent cliff-scenery and caves. It is 3 M. long from N. to S. and 1 m. in extreme breadth. Area, 1274 acres; pop. (1901) 504. It is divided into two unequal parts, known as
Great
  Sark (the more northern) and Little Sark, connected by the Coupee, a lofty isthmus so narrow at the summit that it bears only a roadway, artificially built up, and flanked by a precipice on either side. Many islets and detached rocks lie off the
coast
 ; Brechou Island to the west is large enough to have a few fields and a
house
  upon it. Some of the rocks are very fine, such as the four lofty flat-topped pillars called the Autelets (altars).
The harbour of Sark lies on the
east
 
coast
 , a tiny cliff-bound bay protected by a breakwater, communicating with the interior only through two tunnels, one of which is modern, while the other
dates
  from 1588. The harbour is called Creux. This is a term of common use in the Channel Islands, applying primarily to natural funnels or pits, but extended also to clefts such as that which forms the harbour. The Creux du Derrible (Old French, a downfall of rocks) is a wide
shaft
  opening from the summit of the cliff and communicating with the sea through a
double
  cave, through which the sea rushes at high water. Of the many majestic caverns in the cliffs the Boutiques and the Gouliots, both on the west coast of
Great
  Sark, may be specially mentioned. The marine fauna is very rich. On Great Sark are the
majority
  of the houses, the church, and the seigneurie or manor-
house
 . An ancient mill stands at the summit of the island (375 ft.). Agriculture and fishing are carried on. In Little Sark a disused
shaft
  marks a silver-mine, worked in 1835, but soon abandoned. The island is included in the bailiwick of
Guernsey
 , but has a court of justice of feudal character, the officers being appointed by the seigneur.


End of Article: SARK


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